Motor.



No.8s2,592. J PATENTED ooT.-'9,19o6;

c. A. BUSH. MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 29, 1903. RENEWBD JAN. 15, 1906.

OO O0 nu o WP Kanus Panes. uw.. Lmm., msmnamn, D. c.

2 sHEETs-SHEBT 1.

' No. 832,592. PATENTED 001.9, '1226.

G. A. BUSH. MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILEDDEOZQ, 1903. BBNEWBD JAN. 15,- 19.06.

2 gamin-SHEET 2.

UNITED srArEs PATENT oEEroE.

CHARLES ADAMS BUSH, OF UORRY, PENl`Z-S`YLVAl\IIA.l

MOTOR.

ero. 332,592.

Application filed December 29, 1903. Renewed January 15,1906. Serial No. 296,154l

Tov all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that L'CHARLES ADAMS BUSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Corry, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Motor, of which the Vfollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in air and 'gas engines, and has for its principal object to provide improved mechanism for utilizing the force resulting from the explosions of gas or gaseous compounds to create and maintain uniform power, and in this connection `a further object of the invention is to effect steady and uniform movement of the parts b f lessening to some extent the directforce of t e explosion on the piston or similar movable elements to be actuated.

A- further object of the invention is to provide .a mechanism in which a single piston guided within va single cylinder serves at one end of the cylinder as a pumping apparatus for the compression of air, and at the opposit'e end of the cylinder the piston is actuated by the explosion of the gas or other fuel.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved means forl governing the speed of the engine, the suppl r of fuel being automatically regulated in order to' vary the action of the air-pump and maintain uniform pressure of air in an air-containing reservoir. With-these and other objects in view, as will hereinafter more fully appear, the invention consists in the novel construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the'appended claims', it' bein understood that various changes in theorm, proportions, size, and minor details of the structure may be made without departing from thespirit or sacrificing any of the advanta es of the invention.

In the accompanying rawings, Figure 1 is asectional plan vieW of a power plant, in-

eluding an air and a gas engine, constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, lillustrating the construction of the' explosive-chamber. Fic. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation of the air-engine on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is -adetail sectional view of the air-engine valve-on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 isa transverse sectional view of the valve -for'controlling the iioW of the explosive compound on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1.

Similar numerals of reference are employed Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oet. 9,1906.

to indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

In the drawings, 1 indicates acylinder provided with an air-jacket 2, into which air flows through a pipe 3, the heated air being exhausted through a pipe A and led to a heating systemv in a building or vehicle in order that the waste heat of the engine may be utilized in cold Weather. In addition yto this the cylinder is provided with an exhaustport 5, arranged approximatel at thelilnit of outstroke of the piston, an through this port the products of combustion from the explosion escape and pass through a pipe 6, that,

connects With the pipe 4, the heated gases and air mingling to ether and passing to the heating system. Tithin the cylinder isarranged a double piston 7, comprising a pair of l disks having the usual packing-rings and connected together by a plurality of bolts 8, and to this piston is also secured a iston-rod 9, that extends through a stuffing-hex at the crank-shaft end of the cylinder vand is connected by pitman 10 to a wrist-pin carried by a crank or crank-disk on a verticallvmounted shaft 11.

cured a balance-wheel 12, revoluble in a horizontal plane with a view of minimizing friction, the frictional. wear occurring at the inlet pipe 14 and an air-outlet pipe 15, suitable check-valves being introduced in order to prevent movement of the air in the wrongV direction, and at the mouth of the air-inlet pipe is arranged a screen or screens 16 to prevent the entrance offoreignmatter to the cylinder. At the back stroke of the piston air is sucked in through the pipe 14, and on' the forward stroke this air is forced through the pipe 15 to a suitable compressed-air reservoir 17, more particularly referred to hereinafter. The outer end of the cylinder communicates with van explosion-chamber 19, that is formed of very heavy metal in order to lresist the force of the explosion, and between the explosion-chamber. and thecylinder proper is a partition 20, providedwith a number of openings 21, vthrough which the' exploded gases may pass to act expansively and with uniform pressure on. the Whole area The shaft 11 is stepped in a suitable bearing, and on said shaft is IOO- les

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of the piston. By this arrangement the piston is noi-subjected to sudden shock at the rol ' ,normally held in one direction by a spring 26,

the spring being of a strength proportioned to the pressur'e desired.

The apparatus may work at any pressure, and the stress of' the spring 4may be accurately adjusted by means of'a suitable screw 27, carriedby'au plate or cross-bar and bearing against one end of the spring. The piston is connectedto one end of a pivoted lever 28, that in turn is connected 4to a slidable pistonvalve 30, ,controlling the amount of air and gas or other fuel fed to the explosion-chamber, so that when the pressure of air in the reservoir is excessive theV quantity of fuel w1ll be correspondingly reducedJ and vlce versa.

The valve 30 is carried by'a stern 31', that is connected at 32 to the lever 28. The

` valve is movable longitudinallywithin a rotary valve 33, mounted in a valve-casing 34, adjacent to the explosion-chamber. The valve 33 is provided with a port 85, which 'may be turned into alinement with a pipe 36,

leading to the explosion-chamber in order to convey the explosive mixture to the chamber, and in this pipe is connected a checkvalve in order to prevent back-firing. The casing is urt-h`er provided with two prts 37 and 38, one of which may be placed in communication with a gasolene-supply tank 39, While th'e other communicates with the com# pressed-air reservoir throughv the medium of a pipe 40. The rotary valve is oscillated in order first to place the'port 37 in communication,vt.h the gasolene-supply tank, and the liquid gasolene flows thereinto, after which the valve is oscillated to place the port 35 in communication with pipe 36 and the port 38 in communicationwith the air-supvided with an arm 42.

ply pipe 40. The compressed air from the reservoir then flows through the port 38 to the valve and forces the gasolene through the pipe 36 into the explosion-chamber, a sulicient quantity of air being admitted to form an explosive compound. The rotary valve is provided with a-stem 41, which extends to the exterior of the valve-casing and is pro- This arm is connectv explosive mixture.

ed by a link 43 to a lever 44, one end of which is pivoted to the supporting-frame of It the mechanism, The shaft of the balance-wheel carries a cam 45, which actuates the lever 44 and. dctermines the extent of movement of the valve I 33 to shut oil` the supply of fuel and allow compressedair to flow from the reservoir 17'` air. vThe flow of fuel is uninterrupted except When shut ofi by the cam. Then the compressed air passes momentarily through valve 33 into the combustion-chamber 20, carrying with it the fuel. When the piston 25 is exposed to air under heavyl pressure, the piston-valve 30 is moved farther into the rotary valve, and the effective area ofthe ports 37 and 38 is decreased, the ports being closed to a greater or less extent in order to con'trol the admittance of air and fuel.

The construction lof the governing mechanism is such as to provide for the most delicate regulation of the quantity and quality of the lVhen the pressure of air in the reservoir is little, a full charge of fuel and a full volume of compressed air are admitted to the valve, while at maximum pressure of air both the 'supply of fuel and air would be cut off.

The air in the reservoir 17 is utilized in an air-engine l50,-comprising a cylinder 51, hav- -ing a piston 52, that is connected in the usual' manner to a crank-shaft 53, mounted in suitable bearings and provided with the usual balance or belt wheel 54.. To the cylinder is secured a chest 55, provided at its opposite ends with cylinder-ports 56 57, and at the center is a port 58, in communicationwith the air-reservoir through the medium of a pipe.,59. In the pipe 59 is a throttle-valve 6() under the control of the governor 61, that receives motion from a movable portion ofy the engine. At a oint opposite the air-,entrance port is'an cx austort 63,'that is connected by the pipe 3 to t 1e air-jacket of the explosion-chamber, the exhaust-air of the engine serving to cool the cylinder of the explosion-chamber and when heated being further utilized in the heating of a building or vehicle, as previously described.

In the valve-chest is mounted a revoluble valve 63', cylindrical in form and divided by a transverse artition 64 into two compartments, one cip Which communicates with the air-entrance port and the other with the exhaust-port. bearings 66 in order to lessen friction, and at the top of the valve isabevel-gear 67, intermeshing with a gear 68, that is connected by a shaft 69 and miter-gearing 70 to the crankshaft of the engine. The gearing is so proportioned that at each half-revolution of the z shaft the valve will receive halfa revolution.

From each of the compartments of the valve leads a port 71, and the ports are so arranged that whileair is flowing into one end ofthe cylinder through one port it will be exhaust- IOO IIO

This valve is mounted on ballton.V The` construction is such as to permit of the arrangement of the valve as circumstances may dictate and to gain any or all ofthe advantages of the ordinary slide-valve. The balance-Wheel of the explosion-engine is provided with a handle by which the engine may be manipulated by hand in order to supply the reservoir 17 With a quantity of air under pressure in starting the apparatus into operatlon. y

Withv a device constructed in the manner described it is possible to provide for steady and'uniform movement, and While the power plant may be of any size and capacity and utilized for any purpose it is especially adapted for the-propulsion of launches or automobiles, inasmuch as it requires little or no attention on the part of the operator and is at all times under thorough control, so that the speed may be properly regulated in accordance with the load and only so much fuel consumed as'may be absolutely necessary to produce the desired force.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is- 1. In mechanism of the class described, an internal-combustion engine, includin a cylinder having at one end an inlet .an an escape for the explosive mixture, and at the opposite end an air-inlet and an air-outlet, a

piston arranged within the cylinder, acompressed-air reservoir connected to the airoutlet, a regulating-valve for the explosive mixture, a, piston or plunger constantly exposed to the air-reservoir pressure and connected to said regulating-valve and varying the position of the same in accordance with the pressure Within the reservoir, an airdriven engine connected to the reservoir, and means for governing the quantlty of air passgrom the reservolr to said alr-driven engine.

2'. In mechanism of the class described, an explosionengine including a cylinder and exlosion-charnber, an air-pum a reservoirl ed from the pump, a revolu le inlet-.valve leading to the explosion-chamber, means for rotating the valve, and a slidable .valve disposed Within the rotarydvalve and controlled y the pressure of air in the reservoir.

3. In mechanism of the class described, a valve-,casing communicating with the ex losion-chamber of an engineLa compresse air reservoir also in communication wlth the casing, a fuel-supply pi e also communicating with the casing, a olloW valve arranged within said casing and movable to receive the fuel and to place the compressed-air reservoir in communication with the explosioncham ber, a controlling-valve'arranged Within the hollow valve, a piston or plunger exposed to the pressure of air in the reservoir, and means for connecting said piston or plunger to said controlling-valve.

4. In mechanism of the class described, a valve-casing in communication With the explosion-chamber of an engine, a compressedair reservoir also in communication with the casing, a fuel-supply pipe communicating With the casing, a valve arranged within the casing, a cylinder in communication with the reservoir, a piston disposed in the cylinder, an adjustable spring tending to move the piston against the airpressure, and means connecting the pistons to the valve.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, a gas-engine of which a portion forms an airpump, a compressed-air reservoir fed from the pump, a valve for controlling the passagev of explosive compound to thengine, means controlled by the pressure ofir in the reseri voir for adjusting said valveand an air-pressure-operated engine connected to said reservoir, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aflixed my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES ADAMS BUSH. 

